Luis Quinones w'ikipe Tigres UANL yisukako amazi mu ca kabiri c'ihiganwa Fifa Club World Cup ku kibuga ca Qatar Education City Stadium muri Ruhuhuma (2) 2021 i Doha.

Igikombe c'isi 2022: Uburyo bwiza bwo gukanyisha ikibuga mu bugaragwa

Igihe igihugu ca Qatar catorwa ngo kizokwakire igikombe c'isi 2022, vyaratangaje abatari bake, bafatiye ku kibazo c'agateka ka zina muntu muri ico gihugu gushika ku bibazo vy'ubushobozi, nko kwibaza ukuntu abakinyi n'abafana bazoshobora kwihanganira ubushuhe burenga degre 40C?

Kwimurira ihiganwa mu gihe c'imbeho yari imwe mu nyinshu. Ariko ico gihugu gikize co mu bugaragwa ciyemeje kuzosiga umugani: ubuhinga buteye imbere buzotuma bishoboka ko hatunganywa amahiganwa y'inkino akomeye umwaka wose, no mu bihugu bishushe cane. Umukinyi w'umupira w'amaguru wo muri Qatar Hajar Saleh avuga yuko ubushuhe n'intuguta bituma gukina muri aka karere kiba ikibazo gikomeye.

None bazobigenza gute ngo abakinyi n'abafana boroherwe, kandi ntibitware amafaranga atagira uko angana?

Ifoto ya Stade Al Janoub uyiravye uri mu kirere hariko imirongo itukura yagutse yerekana umwuka ushushe

Kurinda ubushuhe mu kibuga hamwe no mu bibanza vy'abafana bisaba ubundi buhinga butoroshe. Reka turabemwo imbere.

Ku munsi w'urukino, abantu 40.000 bazoba bitavye, kandi umwe umwe wese ni isoko ry'ubushuhe n'iyashu.

Uruvangatirane rw'ubushuhe busanzwe i Qatara hamwe n'ubuva mu kibuga rutuma hakenerwa uburyo bukomeye bwo gukanyisha.

Abafana b'umupira w'amaguru bahabwa akayaga gakanye gacishijwe mu mihora iri munsi ya buri ntebe.

Utwo turingoti duto, dukora nka kurya kwa douche, dutuma akayaga gakwiragira hose kagashwara abafana.

Ako kayaga kaza buke buke, aho kuza nk'umutonzi nka kurya kw'akazanana hejuru y'umutwe mu ndege.

Ibi ni ngirakamaro ku bafana, ariko none ku bakinyi bari mu kibuga bobo bigenda gute?

Abakinyi bo mu bihe vya none barashobora kwiruka 10km mu rukino rumwe, bagatakaza amaritiro ashika kuri atatu y'amazi biciye mu cuya, rero bakenera kurindwa ubushuhe n'umwumira.

Ifoto y'igicapo yerekana imbere muri Stade Al Janoub muri Qatar, ikibuga n'aho abarorerezi bicara biri mw'ibara ry'ubururu ryo kwerekana akayaga gakanye

Mu kirere c'intuguta ca Qatar , biragorana ko icuya gituma kandi umubiri ukaba ushobora gushuha vy'ikirenga, ugashobora kunanizwa n'ubushuhe.

Rero, ku bw'igikombe c'isi ca Qatar, umwuka ukanye urungikwa mu kibuga uciye mu miringoti minini igafasha kuzana igisenge gikanye gikanye hejuru y'ikibuga.

Umuhinga mu gukanyisha yafashije mu gutegura ubu buryo, Dr Saud Abdul Ghani, avuga yuko imforo y'imiringoti izana akayaga, ukuntu kaza n'aho gashikira, bisigura yuko abakinyi ata muyaga uhuhera bazokwumva.

Birema ikibanza kimeze nk'igitwikiriwe n'umwuka ukanye mu kibuga, utarenza imetero zibiri hejuru y'ikibuga canke ahicara abafana, hako horungikwa umwuka ukanye mu kirere c'ubugaragwa. None hakurikira iki?

Iyo uwo mwuka wari ukanye usubiye gushuha, uca ukwegwa n'ivyuma biri mu gice co hagati.

Uca uyungururwa, ugasubira ugakanyishwa ugaca usubizwa mu kibuga, umuzingi ukaba urarumanye.

Ayo mazi akanye amaze gutwara ubushuhe bw'umwuka, aca arungikwa mu bikono vy'amalitiro 40.000, ku birometero bitatu kure y'aho, aho asubira gukanyishwa, akarindira gukoresha mu rukino rwo ku munsi ukurikira.

Igicapo cerekana impande z'ikibuga n'ivyuma bifata imishwarara y'izuba

Ubwo buryo bwose bwo gukanyisha buronswa inguvu n'ikibanza gishasha c'umuyagankuba uva ku zuba uri kuri 80km uvuye hagati muri Doha, umurwa mukuru wa Qatar.

Dr Cool

Umugabo yatunganije ubwo buhinga bwose, Dr Saud Abdul Ghani, yabwiye BBC ko Qatar ishaka gusiga iragi, gufasha igihugu no mu bindi bihe vyo muri kazoza abakinyi baramaze gutaha

Avuga ko imyaka y'ubushakashatsi bukomeye bwashitse ku co yita "kworoherwa ku bijanye n'ubushuhe", bushika gutunganya ahantu hagwa neza abantu benshi bashoboka. Kuvugana n'abanonotsi hamwe n'abafana mu mahiganwa y'isi y'ababanonotsi (World Athletics Championships), yabereye i Qatar mu 2019, vyarabashije kuringanza ibizofasha ingenzi n'abakinyi mu gikombe c'isi.

Ingene umukinyi abibona

BBC yaravuganye na Hajar Saleh, umukinyi w'inyuma mu mugwi w'igihugu w'abagore wa Qatar akaba n'umukinyi kuva agifise imyaka 11. Arazi vyose ku bijanye n'ingene bigoye gukinira urwego rwo hejuru ahantu h'ibirere birenze urugero. Avuga ko intuguta arico kintu ca mbere kigoye.

Turamenyereye ubushuhe, ariko iyo ugize ubushuhe ukagira n'intuguta ibintu bica bigora gusumba Hajar Saleh

Hajar ari mu ba mbere bumvise uko bimeze gukinira ku bibuga bibiri birimwo ubuhinga bwo kuzana akayaga . ibibuga vya Khalifa na Educational City.

Avuga ko hari ubudasa bunini, na cane cane iyo ukina mu gihe c'ukwezi ka gatandatu , kumwe mu mezi ashuha cane muri Qatar

Ubwo buhinga ntaco bwonona?

Abateguye Qatar 2022 bizeza ko inguvu zo gutanga akayaga mu bibuga vyose ata yindi myuka yonona igisenge c'isi zizokwongereza, kuko uwo muyagankuba uturuka ku ruganda rushasha ruwuhingura mu mishwarara y'izuba.

Ariko intego yo kudatuma imyuka ya carbone yiyongera n'umugambi weruye gusumba

Ubwinshi bw'imyuka ya carbone yasohotse mu gihe co kwubaka ibibuga -bungana na 90% y'imyuka yose izosohorwa n'ivyo bibanza , hakaba hagereranywa ko amatoni 800.000 y'imyuka yonona igisenge c'isi yisutse mu kirere. Ivyo bingana no kuzunguruka isi incuro 80.000 unyonga imodoka itwara abantu benshi, nk'uko bivugwa n'urwego rwa Amerika rwo guharura urugero rw'imyuka (US Environmental Protection Agency).

Uretse ibibuga, hari n'ingaruka yo kwunguruza abantu bazoja mu gikombe c'isi, harimwo indege zizojana abafana muri ico gihugu.

Fifa ivuga ko kuba ibibuga bizoberamwo inkino bitari kure na kure bisigura ko imyuka izosohoka mu mgendo hagati yavyo igereranywa kuzoba ica gatatu c'iyasohotse mu gikombe c'isi co muri Russia mu 2018.

Ivyo Qatar yiyemeje bishingiye ku buryo bwo kugabanya imyuka ya carbone kugira isubirize ikibanza kizoba catwawe n'iyimaze gusukwa mu kirere n'ivyo bibanza.

Gushika ubu ntibirasobanuka neza ingene ivyo bizoshikwako. Fifa ivuga ko iriko irakoresha ubuhinga butandukanye kugira isubirize ikibanza kizotwarwa n'imyuka izoterwa n'igikombe c'isi, harimwo gukoresha ibikoresho bikenera inguvu nke, gutunganya neza imicafu, inguvu ziva ku masoko yisubiriza hamwe, bishobotse, no gutera ibiti. Ariko, gushika ubu ntawushobora kwemeza imigambi ya nyuma izotorwa iyari yo.

Bene izo ndinganiro zisohobora gufata imyaka myinshi imbere y'uko zifasha mu gukwega imyuka ya carbone.Anatohoza ya vuba ya BBC yerekana ko amwe mu mashamba yatewe kugira afashe mu gukwega carbone ari mu mpapuro gusa.

Bizofata umwanya rero kugira vy'ukuri tumenye niba Qatar koko izoba yashitse ku ntego zayo zoijanye n'imyuka ya carbone canke niba ivyo yemeye vyari uruhendo.

Ico gihugu kiracariko kandi kiragerageza kwikurako ibineguro vy'ingaruka ku bakozi bashika 30.000 baturuka hanze bakoze mu kwubaka ivyo bibuga harimwo benshi bapfuye abandi bagakomereka cane. Harabaye kandi ibirego vy'uko hari abantu bakoreshejwe ku gahato, gukora mu buryo bubangamye cane, amazu yo kubamwo atabereye, imishara itarishwe hamwe n'ibitabo vy'inzira (passports) vyanyazwe benevyo.

Reta ya Qatar ivyo irabihakana, igashimika yemeza ko kuva mu 2017 yashizeho ingingo zo gukingira abakozi b'abanyamahanga kugira ntibakorere mu bushuhe burenze urugero,kugabanirizwa amasaha bakora no kguteza imbere amaka,bi abakozi babamwo. Ariko, mu mwaka was 2021 wonyene, hapfuye abakozi 50 abandi barenga 50 barakomereka bikomeye muri Qatar mu bakora mu migambi itandukanye ifitaniye isano n'igikombe c'isi, nk'uko vyerekanwa n'amakuru y'ibiro mpuzamakungu vy'akazi, ILO/OIT. Ico ni ikindi kibazo kizotuma ico gihugu co mu bugaragwa kiguma gihsinzwe ijisho.

Ababikoze

Vyanditswe kandi vyatunganijwe na Johannes Dell, Leoni Robertson, Sara Fayyard, Mohamad Hamdar na Dominic Baily
Design by Maryam Nikan na Gerry Fletcher
Vyahinguwe na Kaveri Biswas na Adam Allen
Uwari arongoye umugambi Sally Morales
Umuhinga: Professor Graeme Maidment, London Southbank University
Amasanamu : Getty, Hum3D, Hajr Saleh

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